What is a Ganglion Cyst?
A ganglion cyst is characterized by a noncancerous fluid-filled lump which usually develops in the tendons and joints of the hand.
Causes of Ganglion Cyst
The exact cause of the ganglion cyst is not determined. However, it usually develops when the tissue which surrounds a joint or a tendon gets inflamed and bulges out.
Symptoms of Ganglion Cyst
Common symptoms of a ganglion cyst include the following:
- Appearance: A visible lump which varies in size and may appear suddenly or over time
- Pain: Discomfort which may increase with joint movement
- Numbness or tingling: Sensations resulting from the cyst pressing on a nerve
Diagnosis of Ganglion Cyst
Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms and perform a physical examination as necessary. The following diagnostic tests may be ordered:
- X-rays: This imaging study uses radiation to detect any damage to the bone.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scan: This is an imaging study that uses a large magnetic field and radio waves to detect any damage to soft tissue structures.
- Ultrasound: This test produces images of the soft tissues and joints in the hand using high-frequency sound waves and can confirm the presence of a fluid-filled cyst.
Treatment for Ganglion Cyst
The treatment for a ganglion cyst varies, based on its root cause and severity. If the cyst is not causing pain it may only require observation. Other treatments include the following:
- Aspiration: A procedure where a needle is used to drain the fluid from the cyst.
- Splints and braces: These devices can help to immobilize the joint and allow the cyst to shrink.
- Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that cause discomfort.
- Surgery: In severe cases or when conservative treatment fails, your doctor will recommend surgery to remove the inflamed cyst and the associated joint capsule or tendon sheath.
